Abstract:

Decomposition is an ability of computational thinking that allows students to break down big problems into smaller and more manageable ones. It is the first pillar for computational thinking to be developed. After a problem is decomposed, we are able to abstract the information, create algorithms to solve issues, and finally, recognize patterns in the information. When students face situations that involve solving major social issues, in the context of problem-based learning, decomposition becomes an imperative part of the solution process allowing them to see the solution as a blend of various smaller issues which have more possibilities of a solution. For any person, it is impossible to solve big problems at once, but especially for students as they seem overwhelmed by them. UN's Social Development Goals (SDGs) are usually examples of bigger problems to be tackled by students in contextual projects that are developed through the semester. During their high school, as teachers, it is important to expose students to problems like building resilient infrastructure, promoting sustainable industrialization, and fostering innovation. To achieve these milestones, we need to provide them with tools to do so.The students' first reaction when facing the challenge is to reject it because of its dimensions. So, they are asked to break them down into more manageable smaller pieces. In the interest of problem-based learning, decomposition of such issues also implies the participation of different parties, creating multiple perspectives of the solution and developing multicultural competencies. It is important to remember that computational thinking is not coding, is a mental process for problem-solving. Students are encouraged to create prototypes either electronic, digital, or physical for them to find tangible solutions to the SDGs or any problem they face. Students can begin to solve the problems by using teamwork in the context of problem-based learning and considering the perspectives of a heterogenous team which will provide different perspectives of solution.

Keywords:

Multicultural, decomposition, computational thinking, problem-solving, SDGs.