Abstract:

GeoGebra is a free interactive mathematical software tool.. Its original objective was the creation of a free calculator that combined Algebra and Geometry. The end result is materialized in a geometric and algebraic processor. GeoGebra brings under one umbrella a connection between visualization capabilities that provide programs based on Computer Algebra Systems (CAS) and dynamic variability that provide the Geometry Dynamic Systems (GDS). Thus, it allows the direct introduction of geometric objects (points, segments, vectors, figures and conics) and the dynamic representation of them. Although GeoGebra is a software mainly dedicated to the teaching and learning of mathematics, its properties make it particularly suitable for teaching physics and, therefore, also suitable for teaching optics. These characteristics in addition to those already mentioned could be summarized as: The program interface consists of two windows, one algebraic and one geometric. An expression in the algebraic window corresponds to an object in the geometric window and vice versa. Any modification made to the object affects its Algebraic expression and vice versa. However, what makes it especially useful for the purpose we are looking for, is the possibility of simulations and animations. The dynamic constructions are easily exportable to web applications, in which we can manipulate expressions (geometric, numerical, algebraic or tabular) and observe the nature of relations and mathematical properties from the variations produced by our own actions. We consider Geogebra a suitable ICT to be used in the subjects of Geometric Optics, Physical Optics II and Ophthalmic Optics I and II of the Degree in Optics and Optometry of the University of Alicante. Geometrical Optics is a basic training 1st course subject, Physical Optics II and Ophthalmic Optics Ophthalmic Optics I and II are compulsory subjects in 3rd year.

The objective of this project is to make available to the student of the Degree of Optics and Optometry an ICT tool that will allow carefully to visualize different phenomena that have been previously studied in the theoretical classes. It will consist of a dynamic tool that allows autonomously to explore the influence of the different parameters involved. The use of the projector in the classroom allows the use of this tool as an effective teaching instrument during the theoretical classes as it can serve as support to the theoretical explanations. It will be used to visualize figures and manipulate and introduce variations in them in real time, if desired. Moreovever, it allows the teacher to design the most appropriate figures and numerical data that fit the reality surrounding the student, which are often not found in the bibliography used. In this way, for example, experiments can be designed and carried out later in the teaching laboratories. Then, students could compare the experimental data with those obtained in the classroom simulations, studying and analyzing, if necessary, possible deviations. In the case of having individual computers in the classroom, the use of this tool allows the realization of guided activities. And last but not least, one of the advantages offered by this program is the possibility of exporting files in .html, which makes it possible to open its didactic potential outside the classroom through tutorials, blogs, Web pages, etc.