Abstract:

The article is devoted to the study of students' ideas about the most significant components of modern higher education– students and teachers. Besides analyzing ideas about the subject component, a study was carried out of the requirements of students to the modern educational environment and the most important educational technologies. For this purpose, a survey of the first and third year students in the degree programs "Journalism" and "Publishing" was conducted at Moscow Polytechnic University. They were asked to name the psychological qualities of a personality that a student needs for effective learning; to give a psychological portrait of a modern teacher, to describe the educational environment necessary for productive learning. In the first direction of the study the authors analyzed the most significant psychological characteristics of students in the humanities degree programs of higher education in the reflection of students of the first and third years, as a result of which there was manifested the dynamics of students' ideas as participants of the educational process about the significant characteristics that ensure the successful development of educational programs. So in the answers of the third-year students, there appear some characteristics that are absent in the answers of the first-year students such as responsibility, hard work, purposefulness. An important part of the study was the study of students' expectations regarding the personal and professional qualities of teachers. The authors identified changes in these ideas in the process of the students’ being in the educational process from the first to the third years of study at an institution of higher education. For example, the third-year students consider the mastery of modern technologies and the use of new teaching technologies to be an essential characteristic of a teacher, and there are no such characteristics in the answers of the first-year students. When comparing the results of the survey of the students of the first and third years of study, there was also revealed the dynamics of the students' ideas about the essential requirements for the subjects of the educational process in the "student-teacher" model. Another parameter that became the subject of the analysis is the set of students' requirements for the modern educational environment, which ensures the optimal level of the organization of the educational process. A noticeable difference between the third-year students and the first-year students was the attention to the comfort of the educational environment. At the same time, a significant increase in the requirements for the practice-oriented component of higher education was also found. The research was carried out using the following methods: empirical (a questionnaire survey) – for collecting and primary processing of the information, theoretical (analysis, the construction of a scientific hypothesis, generalization). The significance of the study is associated with identifying the requirements of students of the higher education system to the subject-subject and subject-object parameters of higher education. The practical value of the research results lies in the possibility of adjusting the educational process in order to bring the realities of the modern educational process into line with the expectations of students and the requirements of modern professional education.

Keywords:

Modern education, subjects of education, psychological characteristics of students, characteristics of teachers, educational environment.