Abstract:

In 1920, the economist Ragnar Frisch began the study of econometrics. It uses mathematical and statistical models to study, interpret and forecast economic procedures by forecasting variables such as exchange rates, interest rates, prices of goods and services, production costs, market reactions and the effects of economic policies. The development of econometrics combines mathematics, statistics and economic theory, but experience has shown that each of these elements is necessary, but it is not a sufficient condition to really understand the quantitative relationships of the modern economic context. It is a mixture of these three elements that makes a powerful analysis tool.

Econometrics use various simple models to observe and find correlations within large volumes of data, but the most significant of these is the multiple linear regression model, which functionally predicts the value of two dependent variables as a function of the independent variable.

Visually, a linear multiple regression model can be considered as a straight line through data points, which represent pairs of values ​​of dependent and independent variables. In this, econometricians try to find estimators who are impartial, efficient, and consistent in predicting the values ​​represented by this function.

In this report we will present the main trends and principles used in teaching economics at South-West University "Neofit Rilski". We will make a brief presentation of the various software and describe their main features.

The software used at the university are Matlab, Octave, R language and others. Through the work of these products, students are provided with mastery of various mathematical and information tools, providing theoretical and practical knowledge applicable to economics or directly to practical work (finance, insurance, business management, etc.).

The software packages model, research and optimize specific phenomena and processes in the economy. Their practical applicability is based on in-depth knowledge of micro- and macroeconomics, financial instruments and markets, insurance, statistical data processing, etc.,

Through modern information technologies are included in the main areas of econometrics (optimization problems, probability and statistical methods, numerical methods, dynamic problems). In this article we will present sample tasks and solutions of students obtained from the processing of real databases.

Keywords:

Information technologies, R language, Matlab.