LINGUISTIC AND CULTURAL SOCIALIZATION OF MIGRANTS BY MEANS OF EDUCATION (CASE STUDY: TATARSTAN, RUSSIA/CALIFORNIA, THE USA)

Migration as a major global context and the problems of adaptation and socialization of migrants require deeper understanding, analyzing and regulation of the balance in the processes of cultural and language interaction in the contemporary society. Migration is international phenomenon involving a great number of countries and analyzing the experience of these states in their institutional and political management of migration allows undertaking more efficient planning and regulation of this process. This paper offers the results of the comparative analysis of language socialization of migrants of first and second generation in Russian and American regions (case study – Tatarstan, Russia and California, the USA). Being world leaders in attracting migrants Russia and the USA offer a wide range of practices for sociolinguistic analysis. The paper studies qualitative and quantitative parameters of migration processes in the context of language policy towards education and linguistic adaptation (age, gender and level of education). Authors identified major challenges the states are facing while regulating migration – legal issues, infrastructure and mechanisms of integration of migrants belonging to different generations into the system of education. Research also involved analyzing the legal documents on strategic planning of national policy and migration of the Russian Federation and the USA. The results of the research are able to improve and optimize the ways of linguistic and cultural adaptation of migrants in federative states.