Abstract:

The Sun, a long-used heat source, is increasingly harnessed for electrical energy via photovoltaic panels. Solar trackers enhance energy capture by adjusting panel orientation to follow the Sun's path, significantly improving energy conversion efficiency. So, this paper discusses the development and educational implementation of a solar tracker using Arduino technology and elements of the Internet of Things (IoT). The project aims to optimize the capture of solar energy by positioning photovoltaic panels perpendicularly to the sun's rays. This educational initiative involves a postgraduate student in IoT and three Technical High School students in Electronics, using Project-Based Learning (PBL) to construct a functional solar tracker. The system utilizes Arduino boards, light-dependent resistors (LDRs), and IoT components to adjust the panel’s orientation based on sunlight intensity. The project demonstrated significant educational benefits and practical results in improving solar energy capture efficiency. The project was conducted at the Federal Institute of Amazonas, employing interdisciplinary learning involving Electronics, Programming, Maker Culture, and IoT studies. The solar tracker system was assembled using various components, including Arduino Uno, a mini photovoltaic solar panel, servo motors, LDR sensors, and other electronic materials. IoT elements were integrated to allow remote monitoring and data logging, enhancing the system's functionality and educational value. The assembly involved both theoretical and practical learning, with students collaborating on soldering components, integrating IoT devices, and building the tracker. The solar tracker prototype successfully increased solar energy capture efficiency. The IoT integration provided real-time data on solar panel performance and environmental conditions, further enriching the learning experience. The project facilitated significant learning opportunities for students, combining theoretical knowledge with practical application. The completed system included a solar panel powering an Arduino Mega board in order to measure temperature, showcasing the project's success in educational and practical terms. The project achieved its goal of enhancing sustainability through improved solar energy capture. It provided a practical application of PBL, fostering interdisciplinary collaboration and knowledge sharing among students from different educational levels. The initiative proved to be a cost-effective, efficient, and educational tool, promoting environmental sustainability and technological proficiency. The inclusion of IoT elements not only improved the functionality of the solar tracker but also provided students with hands-on experience in a cutting-edge technological field, preparing them for future careers in an increasingly connected world.

Keywords:

Solar Tracker, Project-Based Learning, IoT, Solar Energy.