Abstract:

The development of societies is and will always be linked to the education of citizens. Societies with a high educational level of their citizens are better prepared to face present and future challenges. However, nowadays it is not possible to dissociate citizen education from the digital transformation that is taking place globally at an organizational level and in particular in education. This context leads to the introduction of new teaching-learning paradigms in teaching.
In this paradigm shift, the teacher no longer has the central role of the teaching-learning process in the dissemination of knowledge, this role passes to the student where they are the center of the process. Teachers become the motivators and facilitators of students and students start to play a more active role, which requires them to have different skills, not only technical but also behavioral, namely critical thinking.

To respond to the challenges presented in the last decades of the 20th century, active methodologies (AMs) emerged, which can be defined as teaching strategies that aim to encourage students to learn in an autonomous and participatory way, through real problems and situations, performing tasks that encourage them to think beyond, to have initiative, to debate, becoming responsible for the construction of knowledge. However, AMs require planning, organization and control, so that all moments of the teaching-learning process are accompanied with the respective feedback on the task(s) being performed. The AMs present alternatives that can complement traditional teaching, with methods that make the student an active being, with a greater critical capacity, always evidencing the autonomy of the students, sometimes with the use of technologies, a work and laser instrument of the new generations.

As an example of active methodologies we can name:
(1) Working together on a group or pair task
(2) Giving peer feedback,
(3) Placemat activities: students work in groups gathered around a “placemat” organized,
(4) Think pair share and
(5) project based learn.

All of this is part of the European Commission's 2019-2024 priority on greater digitization, still with very real concerns regarding the acquisition of basic digital skills by the general population and even by young people.
After a doctrinal framework and using the European Union documentation by analyzing its institutional texts, it is intended to assess the documentary framework of the new teaching methodologies.

Keywords:

Education, active methodologies, European Union.