Abstract:

Belarus and Russia's integration into the global innovation sector is characterized by a change of economic structure and the rule of law formation entailing changes in the socio-cultural sphere and as a consequence, in education. In the context of legal space formation of particular concern is the increase in crime among children and adolescents, decrease in the age limit of offences (illegal activities harmful to society or the individual). As a consequence of the society and the key institutions of socialization crisis the number of social orphans increased sharply. In this regard, the search for ways to reduce the number of offences committed by children and improve the efficiency of their prevention is urgent. Currently, this field of work comes to national level and it involves the consolidation of various departments’ efforts under the leadership of the education system.

The study of the situation of the emergence of children with behavioral difficulties throughout the territory of the former Soviet Union (in the study of teachers and parents, who live in Orenburg (Russia), Minsk (Belarus), Mozyr (Belarus)) shows that the main reasons contributing to the commission of offences in childhood are:
1) public (crime rate in the country, the negative impact of the mass media, social instability, inequality, family crisis);
2) ethical (low moral standing of modern society, values destructions, immorality, indifference to misdemeanors);
3) socio-psychological (insufficient life experience of junior schoolchildren, their limited emotional and volitional sphere, immature self-esteem, low level of self-control, their tendency to imitate, high suggestibility, etc.).;
4) weak family education and the unwillingness of many families to cooperate with the school.

Our findings correlate with the data reflected in scientific publications of B.N. Almazov, M.I. Arsenyeva, V. Bazhenov, I.P. Bashkatov, L.A. Grishchenko, V.D. Ermakov, O.V. Pristanskaya, I.A. Protassova.

The analysis of forms and methods of school work with children with behavioral difficulties, which are defined as a system of actions contradicting to socially accepted legal and moral norms, and their parents showed the prevalence of directive course. However, in spite of a sufficient number of fundamental and applied research and development, the problem of creating conditions for the junior schoolchildren neglect and delinquency prevention is still not fully resolved.

During the study of process of primary school-age children neglect prevention, we proceed from the position that the choice of child behaviors is influenced not only by external factors (educational collective and individual activities), but also by the junior schoolchild personal achievements. This kind of educational process can not be represented only by knowledge. It’s apparent that the long-distant result - following the behavior standards in society - is a complex phenomenon, a comprehensive representation of knowledge, conscience, attitudes, motivations, values, actions, behavior and activity.

The article suggests a way to solve junior schoolchildren neglect and delinquency prevention problems, that is a development of social partnership program of educational institutions with authorities in the field of educational administration and parents, in course of activating the social functions of the family and its collaborating with the school.