Abstract:

This paper presents a teaching experience based on the use of MATLAB as a simulation tool in the elective course Biological Treatment, part of the Chemical Engineering degree. The proposed learning activity focuses on the design and simulation of a polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) accumulation reactor, serving as a practical case study for applying reaction engineering principles to biotechnological processes. The main objective of the work is to develop and model a PHA production methodology using MATLAB as an educational simulator, reinforcing fundamental concepts through the use of mathematical software commonly available in engineering universities.

PHA is a biopolymer of biobased and biodegradable origin with strong potential to replace conventional petrochemical plastics. Its production process involves the cultivation and selection of PHA-producing bacteria from the activated sludge of an urban wastewater treatment plant, followed by an accumulation stage under nutrient-limited conditions that triggers intracellular polymer storage. This system exemplifies the integration of environmental biotechnology with sustainable materials engineering, contributing directly to several Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly those related to circular economy, waste valorisation, and sustainable production.

Within the educational framework, MATLAB provides an accessible yet powerful environment for modelling and simulating biological processes through microbial growth kinetics, mass balance equations, and dynamic reactor models. By constructing and executing simulations, students can analyse how operational variables such as residence time, substrate concentration, or organic load influence PHA accumulation and reactor performance. The use of these mathematical tools enhances understanding of how real process simulators operate, bridging theoretical knowledge with industrial practice.

Furthermore, applying MATLAB in this context allows students to reproduce pilot-scale conditions in a virtual environment, promoting active learning and the development of analytical and computational thinking. By experimenting with model parameters, interpreting results, and comparing simulations with experimental or literature data, students consolidate their understanding of process dynamics and gain insight into system design and optimisation.

This strategy demonstrates the pedagogical value of integrating real research contexts into engineering education using mathematical software. Incorporating

MATLAB simulations within the Biological Treatment course encourages the acquisition of key competencies in process engineering, modelling, and sustainability-driven innovation, preparing future engineers to tackle complex challenges in chemical and biotechnological industries.

Keywords:

MATLAB, Educational Simulation, Chemical Engineering Education, Bioprocess Modelling, PHA Accumulation.