Abstract:

In recent years, the development of neuroscience and advances in technology have made it possible to better understand the functioning of the human brain. Emotional intelligence corresponds to an individual's ability to recognize their emotions and those of others, to motivate themselves and to manage emotions well in themselves and in the relationships they establish. Based on a qualitative methodology, this study aims to refer to the importance of emotional intelligence for the development of children and to understand the perceptions of teachers of the 1st Cycle of Basic Education (children between 6 and 10 years old) regarding this theme, trying to answer the following research question: what is the perspective of the teachers of the 1st Cycle of basic education on the importance of understanding emotions for the child's development? Twelve semi-structured interviews were carried out, by a researcher in the study, with twelve teachers from 4 public schools located in the north of Portugal. The interviews were pre-authorized by the school boards, by the teachers, as well as their audio recording. The anonymity and confidentiality of those involved in the investigation were safeguarded. The interviews were transcribed. With the support of the qualitative analysis software, webQDA, the data resulting from the content analysis of the interviews and document analysis were triangulated and validated according to the Delphi method, for greater validity and reliability of the results. From the main results, the following categories were identified: self-knowledge; self-regulation; motivation; empathy; ability to manage relationships (social skills) and learning. Emotions are part of human evolution and influence learning, so they should not be left to chance. In this sense, it seems important to reflect on how children are being prepared for the future. Centralizing learning in the so-called academic areas does not guarantee prosperity and success in life. And, at a time that will be marked by a pandemic situation that forces everyone to reduce socialization, the development of emotional intelligence in children seems to make more sense.

Keywords:

Emotional intelligence, 1st Cycle of Basic Education, Children's development, Emotions.