Abstract:

One of the important social milestones in a child's life is entering primary school. This social milestone brings the child challenging life changes and a lot of new things. The child gradually gets to know his new friends and class teacher, gets used to the new role of pupil and classmate, joins a new team and gets to know the school environment. The child enters the school environment, which is new to him and conditions his relationship to the school, but also his relationship to the people who are part of this environment. The commencement of compulsory schooling can be understood as part of the child's socialization, which interacts and complements the child's adaptation. The success of a child in primary school and especially in the 1st grade depends mainly on the child himself, but the family and preschool facilities that the child attended also play an important role here. One of the basic tasks of kindergartens is to prepare a child for entry into primary school and to continuously monitor and diagnose the level of his social competencies. Based on high-quality pedagogical diagnostics, the preschool pedagogue can reveal possible future difficulties of the child in adapting to the school environment.

The aim of the research survey, which was carried out in selected kindergartens in the Czech Republic, was to evaluate the degree of potential difficulties of these children in entering primary school based on the analysis of pedagogical diagnostics in the preschool period, focused on the child's social competencies. Subsequently, the process of adaptation of these children (pupils) was diagnosed and it was monitored whether the results from individual surveys correlate. A questionnaire survey was used to diagnose the adaptation process, carried out through teachers' statements about individual pupils. A total of 100 children participated in the research (analyzes of documentation of pedagogical diagnostics in kindergartens) and subsequently 27 teachers who provided data on the adaptation of these pupils in the 1st grade of primary school.

Keywords:

Child, pupil, adaptation, social competencies, kindergarten, primary school.