Abstract:

The education system in the Russian Federation has changed significantly over the past 30 years. But when creating something new, it is necessary to look at the experience that foreign countries have worked out in the same period of time. This article is focused on the study of a former Eastern European socialist country which after the collapse of the USSR and the dissolution of the Warsaw Pact Organization and the Council for Mutual Economic Assistance sought active cooperation with the developed countries of the West. Changes in this country affected all spheres and, of course, the education. The research is aimed at analyzing the educational systems of two post-communist countries: Russia and Poland. The authors aimed at identifying common approaches in education systems, as well as differences between them. The article analyzes the transition to the innovative and socially oriented type of economic development in Russia, which presupposes a systematic solution the problems of both catching up and advancing development. Russia is ambitious in this regard: changes in the education and science systems are focused on ensuring an innovative breakthrough in the economy, developing priority areas of science, technology and technology (the industry of nanosystems and materials; information and telecommunications systems, biotechnology, etc.). In this regard, the conducted transformations have the character of a systemic-institutional innovative advanced strategy capable of ensuring the technological modernization of the economy and increasing its competitiveness based on advanced technologies and the transformation of educational and scientific potential into one of the main resources for sustainable economic growth. The success in this sphere is based on the possibility of obtaining the high quality of education, the transition from the system of mass education, characteristic of the industrial economy, to continuous education for all, the development of education, inextricably linked with the world fundamental science and focused on the formation of a creative, socially responsible personality. In the light of the above, a comparative analysis of the education and science systems of one of the neighboring countries which Russia borders in the west - Poland, becomes relevant. This analysis will allow us to outline the prospects for further cooperation and integration processes in the field of education and science. Preparing this study, analytical and statistical materials were used, focusing on analyzing the experience of Russia and Poland that have achieved recognized results in the development of higher education.

Keywords:

Russia, Poland, education, cooperation, The Bologna Process, reforms.