Abstract:

This paper presents the results of one segment of a teacher training program implemented at the Center for Robotics and Artificial Intelligence in Education (CRAIE), located at the Faculty of Teacher Education at the University of Belgrade, Serbia. Serbia is currently one of the few countries in which there is an institutional, system-level in-service teacher training program, supported by the Ministry of Education, specifically aimed at the application of artificial intelligence in education. The segment of the program analysed in this paper (delivered in a blended hybrid format since the summer of 2025) focuses on enhancing teachers’ digital competences through the use of an artificial intelligence tool, namely the large language model ChatGPT. At the beginning, participants completed initial diagnostic tests, after which they entered the training process. They then attended a one-day face-to-face training at CRAIE, one part of which consisted of the workshop described in this study. A total of 244 teachers took part in this workshop, and they form the sample of the present research.The study examined how frequently teachers had used ChatGPT prior to the training, and to what extent, after the training, they felt capable of applying this AI tool in their work with students. In addition, we aimed to identify participants’ suggestions for improving future training cycles, as well as to determine whether and in what ways their expectations had been met. The analysis of the collected data showed that most participants had used ChatGPT only occasionally and in an unsystematic way before the training. The majority reported that their expectations had been met at the highest level, and a portion of them stated that, after the training, they felt ready to act as mentors to their colleagues on this topic. Among the recommendations for improving the program, participants most frequently highlighted the need for longer training duration (preferably multi-day formats) and opportunities for a greater number of teachers to attend.

Keywords:

Digital competences, ChatGPT, in-service teacher training, artificial intelligence in education, CRAIE, mentor teachers.