Abstract:

The issue of safety in practice teaching has not been treated globally for the overall University of Zaragoza. Neither a specific prevention policy has been designed for each Center according to the implementation of the Bologna plan in our University. This project aims to prevent undesirable situations for the institution, so that the risk of damage in carrying out practical activities could be minimized.
The main objective of the project is the design of a plan to improve safety in the practices carried out by students of the grades taught at the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine.

The following specific objectives have been considered:
- Development of an "inventory" of the practices in each grade to classify according to the nature of them. To this end, it has been taken into account criteria such as: management of animals or not, laboratory or not, in or outside the Center, etc.
- Analysis of the degree of training in safety issues by the teachers and the auxiliary staff involved the practice teaching.
- Evaluation of the safety measures and the creation of a repository of these measures for each of the subjects, centralized and easily accessible from the Center homepage.

Results:
Typology of practices-Degree in Veterinary Medicine:
Almost half of the subjects (46.8%) use the computer room to make their practices, but only 10.6% of the subjects make exclusively a computer type practice. The laboratory is used by three-quarters of the subjects 74.5%. Teaching practices in the Animal Experimentation Service and at the Veterinary Hospital are made by almost a quarter of the subjects, 25 and 23%, respectively. The dissecting or necropsy rooms are used in the 23.4% of the practices and the Pilot Plant of Science Food Technology in the 8.5%. Finally, outside practices mean 40% of the practice developed in the Center.

Typology of practices-Degree in Science and Food Technology:
The 55.8% of the subjects have laboratory practice using biological material and 34.9% with non-biological material involved. They also emphasize computer classroom practices, a 30.2% of the subjects, and half of them (53.8%) do not perform other practices. The Pilot Plant is used in this degree by a quarter of the subjects (25.6%) and outside practices achieve 20% of the practices.

Survey results:
The biggest risk of this kind of teaching is mechanical, instrumental or animal handling risks (52.4%), followed by chemical (42.9%) and biological (33.3%) risk. Regarding training activities: 46% of the survey respondents answer that they have not received any training in risk prevention and safety practices. From the respondents who do have received training, the 91.2% consider generalist, compared with the 8.8% that qualifies as specific the activity performed. This survey was completed by 22.9% of teachers and auxiliary staff involved in practice teaching.

This project reflects: high degree of experimentalism in the practice developed in the Veterinary Medicine Faculty of University of Zaragoza (Spain); high diversity of practical activities and poor training in safety. It also highlights the need to invest more in safety issues especially in training, but also in facilities and equipment.

Keywords:

Safety, practical teaching, risk, training safety measures.