Abstract:

Teaching speech etiquette as a component of foreign-language culture implies mastering socio-cultural knowledge and skills, which is traditionally called background knowledge.

The objective of the article is to study the methods of teaching speech etiquette taking into account the rules of communication, national and cultural features of the target-language country.

Within the issue of teaching speech etiquette, the authors analyze both stereotyped speech behavior and norms of communicative behavior. The use of speech stereotypes can be considered as cultural, social and role stereotypes of speech behavior.

Enriching the teaching process with authentic information about the country of the language being studied, with a consistent reliance on the socio-cultural and speech experience of students in their native language also plays an important role in teaching speech etiquette.
These rules are entrenched in the system of established expressions accepted by this collective of native speakers of this language at a certain stage of society development in special situations of communication.

At the heart of modern methods of teaching speech etiquette are the following categories of communication: situation, role, position, community, type and scope of communication, which are viewed in modern science as a model of speech communication. Among these teaching methods the most important is the communicative (speech) situation.

The communicative situation, as a method of teaching speech etiquette, is characterised with four factors:
1) the living circumstances in which communication is taking place;
2) relations between communicants;
3) speaker's intention;
4) the implementation of the very act of communication, creating a new situation, incentives for speech.

Another important component of the teaching speech etiquette method is the type of communication. People's speech contacts occur in situations that differ in the number of individuals participating in communication, the nature of the relationship between them, the change in the roles of the speaker and the listener within one communication act.

The authors come to conclusion that in a situation of communication, the interlocutors' speech should have certain rules for conducting a conversation, otherwise the interlocutors will not reach agreement. Both oral and written speech behavior of partners must correspond to stereotypes of specific social and cultural background. Moreover, speech etiquette is a significant aspect of any national culture. Speech behaviour and different formulas of communication have traditions, experience, peculiarities of national character and life style built in.

Keywords:

Speech etiquette, speech behaviour, speech stereotypes, act of communication.