Abstract:

In this work, we present a didactic proposal in which we use different activities in which the student work actively in the construction of learning the numerical sets in a manipulative way.

For the first activity, cards in which the set is written are distributed throughout the classroom; N, natural numbers, Z; integers, Q; rational numbers, I; irrational numbers and on the door of classroom R; real numbers.

Each student receives several stickers and on each of them there is a written number, the student will have to get up and stick each one in the box corresponding to the smallest number set that number belongs to. In case they consider that it does not belong to any of them, that it is not a real number, they will have to put it outside the classroom. Once all the numbers have been placed, we will analyze with the students if they are all in the correct set

In other activity the students will build a paper box on which they will receive the number R, they will build two other boxes that they will place inside R and on them they will write Q and I respectively. Inside the box Q they will have to introduce another smaller box in which it puts Z and inside this other one in which it puts N.

In order to get students acquainted with the material, we will begin with a simple exercise that consists on putting the numbers that are given to them in the smallest box that they can be in.

Once the students already know the elements that are contained in each of the different numerical sets and understand the boxes, they will have to answer a serie of questions, using the material from the boxes for their argumentation.

This didactic proposal, using these activities and other ones, help students of the third grade of the secondary education in Spain to achieve significant learning of Real numbers.

Keywords:

Didactic proposal, number set, secondary education, Spain, Mathematics.