Abstract:

In the last decades, with the advent of mass open online courses (MOOCs), a qualitative leap in the development of the world education market has taken place. Free open access to the educational content of the world's leading universities, an opportunity to study anywhere at any time, proctoring tools which allow to identify an individual while he passes exams online - all this led to almost unlimited possibilities for educational choice of an individual, but entailed serious challenges for higher schools in the world.

Universities are forced to revise existing teaching methods, improve educational technologies, search for new methods of teaching, and redistribute resources in favor of the most effective models of the educational process, combined with the use of online courses as a part of the educational program. In this regard, a comparative analysis of various models of using mass open online courses in the educational process of the university is of particular relevance.

In the framework of our research, existing cases of using massive open online courses in the educational programs of various universities all over the world, including the experience of leading Russian universities, were studied. The characteristics of the models included a description of the following processes: choosing an online course, training using online courses, tutoring support during online learning, controlling the results of training, proctoring and fixing learning outcomes in the basic educational programs. Economic consequences of applying models in the educational process of the university are a key point in comparing the online learning models.

Keywords:

Online learning, massive open online courses, higher education, blended learning, proctoring.