Abstract:

The formation of personality takes place in a certain social environment, where individual features function as certain indicators of the transformation of emotional, volitional and behavioral spheres. At the same time, one of the predictors of these changes is temperamental features that determine the level of General activity, emotionality and self-regulation of the subject. Temperament as a natural-conditioned formal-dynamic characteristic is the innate basis on which the unique personality profile of each individual is built. It determines their individual behavioral reactions, the speed of their occurrence and termination, the power of experiencing emotions, communicative specificity, etc.

The interest of studying the behavioral strategies during adolescence is determined by the fact that this age stage is associated with the development of self-awareness and self-identity through which a personality forms a deliberate regulation of relationships to the environment, its operations, and to oneself. At this age a person finds their identity, manifested in the formation of the internal orientation for the future career and future life. In the process of teaching students lay a certain model of interaction with the world, formation of a person’s professional orientation, mastering of necessary knowledge, various forms and ways of educational and professional activity implementation, and also development of general cultural and professional competences and features of the person. This age stage is a kind of springboard, which represents the transition to a higher level of organization and functioning of an individual as a whole.

We conducted an empirical study of individual typological features of the choice of students’ behavioral strategy, which was carried out on the basis of the Federal State Educational Institution the "Peoples' Friendship University of Russia" (RUDN), Moscow. The study involved 200 respondents aged from 18 to 25 years, studying in the Humanities. With the help of cluster analysis, three groups of students were identified, characterized by dominance and individual composition of certain temperamental properties: active-excitable, passive-introverted and balanced types, characterizing the instrumental-stylistic aspect of behavior, communication and activity of subjects. In each cluster, characteristic features were analyzed in the choice of behavior strategies depending on the predominance of certain temperament properties. The results obtained in the course of empirical research are valuable in the context of teaching psychological disciplines, and can also be successfully used in educational purposes in the development of special courses, preparation and conduct of lectures and practical classes in psychology and the development of optimizing programs for correcting behavioral strategies.

Keywords:

Personality, personality’s behavioral strategies, students, individuality, temperament.