ANTHROPOLOGICAL APPROACH TO PSYCHOLOGICAL SUPPORT OF GIFTED CHILDREN AT DIFFERENT STAGES OF AGE DEVELOPMENT

The aim of the research work is the study and development of the system of the methodical assistance of psychological and pedagogical support of giftedness, the description of effective forms and methods of diagnosing gifted children at different stages of age development.

Giftedness is considered as a system quality, which is characterised by a combination of several components: abilities, subject-personal characteristics and psychophysiological characteristics of a person. The certain objectives of psychological and pedagogical support of gifted children should be set in accordance with the specificity of a particular type of giftedness, the psychological patterns of its development and the age characteristics of gifted children. An anthropological approach to psychological and pedagogical support of giftedness presupposes creation of conditions for self-development, self-education of children, provides them with a space of choice, the possibility of free and creative action, preserves the value of the internal space spirituality and individuality for each child. The building of the strategy of psychological and pedagogical support of gifted children in educational institutions was provided in accordance with the following conditions: the succession of manifestations of giftedness in different areas; the implementation of the prolonged approach to the identification of giftedness based on physio-socio-psychological factors of the manifestation and development of giftedness in different age periods; the correlation of diagnostic tools with the processes of teaching, education and socialization of gifted children; the realisation of system of diagnosis of the potential of gifted children; the study of ethical aspects of the diagnosis of gifted children. The complex of methods used for the diagnosis of giftedness include such practices as observation (in the laboratory, in preschool and school educational institutions, in extracurricular activities), psychodiagnostic trainings, expert assessment of behaviour of children by teachers and parents; inclusion of children in particular game and subject-oriented activities; specialist evaluation of specific products of children's creative activity (drawings, poems, technical models); psychometric methods.

The experimental work was carried out on the basis of Nursery School of Combined Type № 72 "Bereginya" (Stavropol), Municipal Educational Institution Secondary School №43 (Stavropol), Municipal Autonomous Institution of Vocational Education Children's Music School № 5 (Stavropol). The study involved 120 children of senior preschool, primary and secondary school children, 60 teachers and 120 parents.

The results include the diagnosis of expressiveness on the level of both general giftedness and special (musical) giftedness of children, the developed questionary for teachers and parents of gifted children, the modern forms of training teachers and parents for providing the psychological and pedagogical support of education, development and upbringing of gifted children, the development of the system of monitoring and correction, in cases of necessity, of psychological and pedagogical support programmes for gifted children.