Abstract:

Education systems have changed many times in Turkey during the last 91 years. Significant changes happened on school structures, particularly, in the early periods of Turkish Republic. Village institutions, school of arts, vocational high schools, and especially primary schools constitute the leading structures of these periods. These structures have unique characteristics and are suitable for this periods’ social structure, and also suitable for economical and cultural conditions. However, school structures are significantly affected by the changes of political, economical and social conditions during the past years. These changes also effect the architecture of primary school structures and create spatial differences. This paper aims to discuss these changes on school structures in the past years.

Current problems are the results of the changes in education systems during the past years when the general conditions of the primary schools are analyzed. The school system in Ottoman Empire became insufficient in years and several reforms are applied to primary schools to make them better in Turkish Republic. However, there are still many problems on primary school architecture. This paper considers the primary school structures from the reformist days of Ottoman Empire to modern Turkish Republic. The paper also discuss the changes and transforms of architectural structures of primary schools within the context of educational systems from Ottoman Empire to present. The methodology of this paper includes the analyzes of architectural approaches on school structures in the past years, while considering political, economical and social conditions, and also includes a detailed comparison of them.

Keywords:

Primary School Structures, Historical Process.