Abstract:

We have more or less survived from the economical crisis. In May 2009 Estonia accepted the second negative state budget, at the same time registered unemployment has arise up to 65 000, and forecast for the end of year is 100 000 unemployed (from 690 000 working-age). It will be evidential that present-time economic policy, entrepreneurial environment and attitudes of the society need conversion.

In Europe and also in Estonia there are additional discussions about creative economy as outstanding and auspicious entrepreneurship sphere. Estonia has admitted several documents, handling creative economy, its development, teaching, supporting etc. In some places in Estonia are established creative sector incubators.

By some means, social entrepreneurship is emphasizing in the whole world. Particularly after Muhammad Yunus has won Nobel-prize for creating the Grameen Bank. Estonia is not in the forefront with developing this area  dominates attitude that the social sphere is only state subsidy and aid programs. Charity and NGOs are something that has very weak link to society in legal sense.

The point herein is to compare the development of the creative and the social entrepreneurship on the state level, and to discuss about the possibilities of NGOs to act as innovative employers.

The article will handle the entity of the social entrepreneurship as well as the, creative entrepreneurship and will describe circumstances of these areas in Estonia: legislative framework, state conceptions and development programs, social environment. We will introduce the best examples of the actors of these areas (centres for creative entrepreneurship in Tartu, Tallinn and Viljandi; Rocc al Mare School and Village of the Hope). While most of the people acting in creative and social entrepreneurship have been chosen NGOs as their legal acting form that is why we will analyze the legislative possibilities for NGOs to act entrepreneurial way, and to act as employer.

The main results of the research are: in Estonia the creative economy is more developed that the social entrepreneurship; for the development of NGO’s Estonia needs changes in taxation. We will also propose some steps of methodology how to conduce to the development of these areas: to exchange attitudes, (entrepreneurship as acceptable activity as well as for cultural as for social sphere), conversion of legislature, improvement the social environment.

Keywords:

Social entrepreneurship, creative industries, NGOs, Estonia.