Abstract:

The article examines methods and means of providing ICT resources to disadvantaged people in order to facilitate their access to education and research. Types of disabilities and especially visual disabilities are described. Approaches to teaching people with visual impairments through three-dimensional models, graphical Braille screens, and tactile graphic tiles are presented. The structure and functioning of a graphic Braille screen and a tactile graphic tile for the blind, patented in Bulgaria, are described. A tactile thermometer for the blind, patented in Bulgaria, was also presented. Research has been done to improve the mechanical and electromagnetic characteristics of the devices. Applications of three-dimensional models, tactile graphic Braille screens and tactile graphic tiles for the visually impaired in training visually impaired farmers in agriculture, particularly in animal husbandry, are reviewed. The advantages and disadvantages of a tactile approach to learning and research for people with visual impairments are discussed.

Keywords:

Visually impaired people, ICT, Braille screen, tactile tiles, animal husbandry.