Abstract:

The study explores the trends of chatbots in higher education by conducting a meta-analysis literature review. The analysis will discuss the various roles the chatbots in education, administration, teaching, and learning. The literature review research articles will be from 2015-2021. The literature will analyze papers published in Google Scholar, EBSCOhost, Science Direct, Social Science Citation Index (SSCI), and Web of Science. The research study will explain the current status of the adoption of chatbots in higher education and the definition in general and in higher education. In addition, an analysis of the current roles of chatbots in higher education. Further, the literature review will review the highest and lowest trend of chatbot applications. Challenges and opportunities on chatbots adoption and use and best practices for teachers in higher education included. The findings of this study present the factors and challenges that influence educators using chatbots in learning and teaching in higher education. In addition, the literature review highlights the instructors' experiences and attitudes towards the use of chatbots and their suggested recommendations. Implications for the use of chatbots in higher education will be highlighted. Finally, future applications will discuss how to use chatbots in higher education.

Keywords:

Chatbots, teaching, learning, higher education, chatbots in higher education.