Abstract:

Printing has been a tool for centuries to give form to surfaces as a technique which is used for transfering inscriptions, designs and textures from one surface to another by using colors or reliefs. Various civilisations have used different techniques for printing in the history, being effected from each other made imitations and take sample from each other to develop and to bring progress up today. Printing has been integrated to ceramics medium, while gravüre, wood print, silk screen metal and lithography have been developed. First applications in ceramics have been implied in 18th century in Britain and in time parallel progress have been made by technological improvements by using overglaze -inglaze besides underglaze applications.

Primarely gravure technique has been used by using metal plates to transfer the design to a surface via paper or flexible jelatine materials, later in the 19th century silk screen and silicon, cylinder moulds have been invented. In the 20th century the serigraphy has been widely used in the ceramic industry became an inevitable technique in contemporary ceramic art as well.

The preparations of design by computer aid is in the applications of today bring together quick solutions, quality of finished work and variety of results with softwares such as photoshop. Ceramic artists of 21st century utilize from such programs and generate creative results of designs by an interdisciplinary approach.

This resesarch is based on the history of printing techniques which are practically widely used in ceramics art are explained technically with examples. The situation of printing today in ceramics art with a technical approach is handled by mentioning the artists contributing to this issue scientifically and artistically.The artists widen the possibilities and opportunities by using this technique in a unique manner and enrich the tecnique with practical solutions and experimental techniques. In this paper the possiblities and varieties of applications are discussed in art education

Keywords:

Ceramics, Transfer printing, serigraphy, Silk screen.