Abstract:

Higher education dropout is a multifaceted phenomenon influenced by various interconnected factors, presenting challenges that often lead to inevitable departure from academic programs. This complexity is evident across psychological, social, economic, psycho-pedagogical, institutional, and pedagogical dimensions. Understanding the interplay of these factors is essential for developing preventive measures within higher education institutions (HEIs). Despite the undeniable importance of obtaining a degree for success, pursuing higher education poses significant challenges for many individuals globally, leading to varying completion rates across different countries and educational levels.

Projections suggest an increasing demand for higher education qualifications globally, highlighting the urgency to address dropout rates. Traditional higher education systems face mounting pressures to adapt to evolving societal demands, including increased accessibility, growing demand for enhanced qualifications, and expectations for improved efficiency. Addressing dropout rates requires a thorough examination of historical contexts and prevalent factors leading to premature program departure.

While scholarly attention has predominantly focused on undergraduate programs, this study aims to address the gap in research by investigating whether dropout determinants differ between undergraduate and master's degree students. Specifically, the study seeks to answer the question: Do the determinants of student dropout in higher education vary based on academic level, undergraduate or master's degree?

Through a systematic review, the study examines the motivations and expectations influencing dropout decisions at both levels. Findings indicate that while economic and integration factors predominantly influence undergraduate dropout, master's students are more affected by personal, professional, and academic considerations.

In conclusion, understanding the nuanced differences in dropout determinants between undergraduate and master's degree levels is essential for developing targeted interventions to support student retention in higher education. This research contributes to the ongoing dialogue on dropout prevention and underscores the importance of considering diverse factors shaping students' academic journeys.

Keywords:

Dropout determinants, master’s degree, undergraduate degree, higher education attrition.