Abstract:

Dyslexia, a specific learning disorder characterized by reading difficulties, including spelling errors and word decoding challenges, poses significant obstacles for dyslexic children in accessing text-based information available today. This limitation not only negatively impacts their self-esteem and reading motivation but also hinders their educational development. Several theories try to explain the neurobiological origin of dyslexia and some of them are closely related to the visual perception and eye movements while reading. Eye movements can be measured via eye-tracking technology. Eye-tracking can provide eye movements recordings of the reading process and offers new opportunities for screening and diagnosing dyslexia. Eye-tracking technology presents a unique advantage as it allows researchers to delve beyond observable human behavior, such as error rates and reading speed, to gain more comprehensive insights into the entire reading process. However, described advantages of eye-tracking technology are a big challenge of researchers to design appropriate tasks to avail this technological potential. In this research, we propose several methods for in-depth analysis of the reading process in dyslexia. The main aim of this paper is to present and discuss the design of suitable tasks, potential eye-tracking metrics, and various statistical approaches for analyzing eye-tracking data in dyslexia research. This information can lead to more sophisticated research designs for the dyslexia investigation and subsequently, improve the learning and educational processes of dyslexic children.

Keywords:

Eye tracking, dyslexia, reading, eye-tracking methods, eye-tracking analysis.