Abstract:

Contrastive analysis for the acquisition of a linguistic competence between typologically related languages is a very useful and productive criterion, but in this context the aim is seeking new interpretation keys of an L2 acquisition phenomenon that can activate not only linguistic, metalinguistic and pragmatic competences, but can also allow the organization of the mental lexicon according to the dynamic laws of "cooperation" through the activation of trans-cortical neural networks.

It was considered, therefore, as an useful tool, the application of certain criteria of the Perspective Linguistics to the Contrastive Linguistics of Spanish as L2, in order to create a better organized mental lexicon. Perspective Linguistics is based on Gestalt psychology, according to which the entire visual scene can be read according to the presence of a Figure that stands out on other elements that make up the Background.

In this analysis the hypothesis shall be confined to the macro category of "second Language acquisition" trying to make a review of contrastive analysis through the filter of Perceptive Linguistics systems, using, also, the contribution given by 'set-theory ‘. All this with the aim to be able to locate the pillars for a possible construction of a new policy/strategy of language categorization in contrastive perspective way, which has as its basis the activation of mnemonic processes by optimizing the functionality of the two hemispheres, the use of learning strategies and the stimulation of the trans-cortical neural networks that cooperate to carrying information.

The purpose, in this paper, is to provide examples from a phonetic, morphological, syntactic, lexical and semantic point of view of a construction of a contrastive linguistics of the Spanish language managed by perception laws and by set-theory. Three macro-categories have been created (closure, similarity and proximity) under which ascribe the phonetic, morphosyntactic and lexical-semantic phenomena. All this to develop an alternative contrastive classification, that could serve as a strategy for the acquisition of a linguistic competence in a foreign language (LS), in order to promote a new methodology of contrasting languages.

Keywords:

Perceptive Linguistics, Contrastive Linguistics, Second Language Acquisition.