LEGAL AND PEDAGOGICAL ASPECTS OF CHILDHOOD AND ADOLESCENCE AND THE MATTER OF EDUCATION IN THE HISTORY OF BRAZIL: A CONTRIBUTION REGARDING THE ROLE OF LAWS TOWARD INCLUSIVE EDUCATION

This paper discusses childhood and education laws in Brazil through a historical analysis of the main steps experienced by childhood and education in the country, since the first Jesuits denominational schools until the Statute of Children and Adolescents (ECA), in 1990. Throughout this analysis is discussed the main idea of ​​this paper, that many of the problems faced by schools in Brazil, such as learning difficulties and truancy, are directly related to historical conceptions of childhood and education in the country. Laws applied to childhood, as the Statute of Children and Adolescents, are seen as critical to the construction of an educational project in Brazil because it contains aspects that directly affect the schools, as a requirement for quality education and participation of parents in the educational process. The article ends with a discussion of the importance of the topic for professionals in education in Brazil, as an essential tool in building a political-pedagogical project in the schools that helps to definitely overcome the historical of social segregation which Brazilian children have always been relegated.