Abstract:

The research described in this article refers to the fact that the ability of correct reasoning according the laws of formal logic among pupils of lower secondary and higher secondary schools can be affected by outside influences. It appears that one of the most influential factors is the individual’s ability of abstraction which resides in deflection from certain specific features, properties and relationships of the given object. The research was realized in 2012 in twelve primary schools in the Czech Republic and consisted of comparing the data obtained on the base of quantitative research. The frequency of the statistical sample was higher than 400. The precision of this research consisted not only of the detailed statistical analysis of the measured data but also of abstraction detected in both areas, i.e. arithmetic and geometry. In the conclusion of the article, the research supporting Maddox’s idea is mentioned. The idea is that individuals’ ability to work with abstract concepts can be positively influenced by a medium-term action.

Keywords:

Formal logic, logical thinking, ability of abstraction, ability of correct reasoning.