DIGITAL LIBRARY
FACTORS: BARRIERS TO LEARNING IN PAKISTAN
Bahria University (PAKISTAN)
About this paper:
Appears in: ICERI2011 Proceedings
Publication year: 2011
Pages: 459-468
ISBN: 978-84-615-3324-4
ISSN: 2340-1095
Conference name: 4th International Conference of Education, Research and Innovation
Dates: 14-16 November, 2011
Location: Madrid, Spain
Abstract:
Learning is a continuous and lifelong process of changing information and experience into knowledge, skills, behaviors, and attitudes. It is believed that “you’re never too old for education” as every society, religion and state works for the education of its masses. Learning does not depend only on classrooms and centers but these are the ways and means for learning. It does not only require a certificate or a degree, which is in some cases a requirement but it needs activities, circumstances and interaction people and society around you. A human learns throughout his/her life and mostly it is a conscious effort.
Learning takes place in several ways like transmission, acquisition, accretion and emergence. Transmission is a way by which information, knowledge, ideas and skills are taught through lectures, demonstration, supervision, contact and guidance. Acquisition is the conscious choice to learn. Accretion is a subconscious or subliminal way to learn language, culture, habits and social rules and behaviors. Emergence is making patters, structures to construct new ideas that did not exist before.
In Pakistan it is understood and believed that education both formal and informal are a must for both men and women as per the country law and the religion. But it has been observed that in spite of all these beliefs there are various barriers to learning. These can be plenty like resources, ethnicity, age, organizational / personal disabilities, attitude, physical and psychological factors.

In this paper we will be studying these factors as the barriers in learning in Pakistani society. To this end interviews, discussions and observations will be carried out to find out the reasons of the issues of resources, ethnicity, age, organizational / personal disabilities, attitude, physical and psychological factors and to give solutions to these barriers.
Keywords:
Barriers, Learning.