Abstract:

Introduction:
Paediatric obesity is one of the greatest public health challenges in countries like Spain, where socioeconomic factors and lifestyle habits influence its prevalence. Children spend a significant part of their day at school, making it the ideal context for addressing behavioural change and the incorporation of new habits in the child population. The SEÍSMO pilot project was developed by the Gasol Foundation with the initiative to promote the physical, psychological and social development of schoolchildren.

Objectives:
The main objective is to analyse the weight reduction of the children by comparing an intervention group and a control group.

Methodology:
A quasi-experimental pre-post study will be carried out in 32 primary schools (2771 children aged 6-12 years) located in a low socioeconomic area of two regions of Spain (Madrid and Catalonia). This study focuses on evaluating the effectiveness of the SEÍSMO Project. The educational intervention will be carried out through five modules: physical education sessions, families, healthy spaces, healthy and sustainable food and water. Anthropometric variables will be collected: weight, BMI and waist circumference. During 12 months, a Health Education programme will be developed based on activities related to physical activity, healthy eating, sleep and emotional well-being. A univariate descriptive analysis of each variable and a bivariate analysis will be carried out using the statistical software IBM SPSS Statistics version 25.
Limitations and strengths: Although this project will attempt to address several of the factors that contribute to childhood obesity, there are socio-cultural influences and other factors that make it difficult to change habits; such as resistance to change in certain family habits or structural barriers, such as lack of access to healthy foods or safe spaces for physical activity in some communities. SEÍSMO has great potential for future applicability, especially if it focuses on expanding and adapting its interventions to more schools. To achieve this, it would be key to evaluate the duration of the programme and ensure continuity that allows students and their families to consolidate healthy habits over time. The active involvement of families, as demonstrated in other successful interventions, could also be a determining factor in improving outcomes.

Ethical aspects:
Participants' personal data will be anonymised using a numerical code and processed in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of 27 April 2016 and Royal Decree 1720/2007, of 21 December, approving the Regulation implementing Organic Law 3/2018, of 5 December, on the Protection of Personal Data and Guarantee of Digital Rights and Law 14/2007 on Biomedical Research. Informed consent will be provided to each participant.

Keywords:

Paediatric Obesity, School Health Services, Socioeconomic Disparities in Health, Health Promotion.