Abstract:

The article presents a didactic-scientific stand for the study of external walls using solar energy and the way it is used in the realization of didactic activities. The presented laboratory stand was made in the technology of steel skeleton. The main assumption of the stand's construction was the possibility of quick reconstruction of separated parts of external walls by students, without the use of specialized construction equipment. The presented stand serves mainly didactic purposes. It is also used for scientific works, including those conducted with the participation of students. Groups of students divided into scientific sections, under the direction of scientific and didactic employees, independently conduct research and observations of the behaviour of building partitions in terms of the possibility of using solar energy:
- production of electricity from photovoltaic panels,
- generation of heat in the partition and its use for domestic hot water heating,
- significant reduction of heat losses through external walls using transparent insulations.

The stand is equipped with measuring devices and recorders. Built-in sensors, together with recording devices, allow for an ongoing reading of the basic parameters related to the flow of heat through the installed walls, including:
- temperatures in selected points,
- density of the heat flux,
- temperature of the liquid in the hydraulic section and the parameters of its flow.

The test stand is also equipped with a complete meteorological station, collecting full weather data in an hourly mode.

The obtained measurement data are used both for scientific and didactic purposes. Scientific goals are long-term studies of the effectiveness of proposed solutions for heat production from solar radiation in the local climate. In the field of didactics, students process the collected data themselves and on their basis assess the effectiveness of the technical solutions applied. It is an excellent form of motivation for students to deepen their knowledge in the field of solar energy use in buildings.

In addition, the position implements cognitive didactic objectives. Presenting modern solutions of building partitions for sustainable construction, he introduces students to the latest technologies in a practical way. It allows to get acquainted with the methodology of scientific research, and acquaints with the current measurement methods of selected parameters of building partitions and meteorological quantities.

Keywords:

Didactic test stand, energy measurement, sustainable construction.