Abstract:

Introduction:
Chronic diseases are one of the main health problems worldwide, among them, oral chronic diseases have the highest incidence and prevalence, constituting a public health problem. Based on the results of the 2015 oral health survey in Spain, the prevalence of untreated dental caries in temporary dentition, in the six-year cohort was 27,8%, and in the twelve-year cohort 14,6%. Due to the magnitude of the problem, the high sanitary cost and the prevention possibilities, the monitoring of the oral health status of the infant population is extremely important, as it will allow the implementation of prevention and early care strategies.

The current health benefits in the autonomous community of Madrid are specified in RD 1030/2006, BOE 16 September 2006; “Oral health program for infants between 6 and 15 years”. Nevertheless, there are not enough Oral health epidemiological surveys to asses the effectiveness of this program.
For that reason, we have conducted in the infants between 6 and 12 years of the city of Madrid an epidemiology survey of: dental caries prevalence (Coad and Cod index), malocclusions and other pathologies. Analyzing at the same time the impact of preventive treatments such as fluoridation, oral hygiene techniques and sealants in first permanent molars.

Objectives:
1. Evaluate the oral health status of primary school children of Madrid city.
2. Estimate the caries prevalence in temporary and permanent dentition.
3. Asses children’s dental hygiene.
4. Examine the incidence of dental malocclusion in schoolchildren.
5. Determine the presence and need of sealants and fluoridations.
6. Relate these variables of oral health (Caries, oral hygiene, malocclusions, etc.) with sociodemographic variables (gender, age, etc.)

Materials and methods:
This is a descriptive and transversal study realized in the city Madrid during the schoolyear 2018-2019.
A literature review was performed in the electronic data bases: PubMed, Medline and Cochrane and in the WHO online platforms using the following key words: Caries, schoolchildren, oral health, malocclusion and epidemiology survey.

The data was collected by fifth grade students of the European University of Madrid through health forms, supervised by the two main researchers. The evaluated infants were students of different schools of the city of Madrid between 6 and 12 years old.

Keywords:

Caries, school children, oral health, malocclusion and epidemiology survey.