Abstract:

Today, modeling is carried out in almost every research, and modeling is discussed in articles, monographs, and other types of scientific products. This means that pedagogy becomes a full-fledged separate branch of scientific knowledge, which has its own apparatus, methods and approaches, but it has to obey the general laws of scientific knowledge development. However, despite the popularity of pedagogical modeling, there are many questions about the content and structure of the proposed pedagogical models. Pedagogy must strictly observe certain scientific canons that exist in relation to certain general scientific established concepts that the model belongs to.The principal difference between the modeling method and other methods is the indirect study of an object, carried out with the help of another object. A model is a mentally represented or materially implemented system that, by displaying or reproducing an object of research, is able to replace it so that studying it gives us new information about this object. The meaning of modeling is to be able to get information about the phenomena occurring in the original, by transferring to it certain knowledge obtained during the study of the corresponding model. The method is based on a feature of human thinking that allows you to compare the properties of various objects abstractly, that is, the ability to draw an analogy. From a philosophical point of view, modeling is a process of simplification, formalization, and schematization. There is a distinction between structural modeling - to study the structure of an object, and functional modeling – to study the processes occurring in it. There is also a distinction between subject and sign modeling. Subject modeling uses a model that reproduces the main physical, dynamic, or functional characteristics of the phenomenon under study. In sign modeling, diagrams, drawings, and formulas can serve as models. The paper analyzes various classifications of models, provides classification criteria, types and types of models in pedagogy. Taking into account the current information stage of society development, the authors show the features of modeling in pedagogy, analyze existing models. The approach is justified, according to which in pedagogy it is necessary to distinguish between two types of models - structural and functional. Structural models are designed to represent the essence of pedagogical objects, functional models are focused on the representation of the pedagogical process, on the disclosure of the sequence of operations and possible ways of activity.The article analyzes various classifications of models, provides classification criteria, types and types of models in pedagogy. Taking into account the current information stage of society development, the authors show the features of modeling in pedagogy, analyze existing models. The approach is justified, according to which in pedagogy it is necessary to distinguish between two types of models - structural and functional. Structural models are designed to represent the essence of pedagogical objects, functional models are focused on the representation of the pedagogical process, on the disclosure of the sequence of operations and possible ways of activity.

Keywords:

Model, modeling, system, algorythm, education process, methodology, methods, pedagogics.