Abstract:

The teaching of mathematics has been undergoing a series of discussions and controversies of how to improve the teaching of mathematics. It turns out that the classical formalistic method of teaching, as understood by us, can be replaced by other forms of teaching. The aim of this is to involve the pupil as an active element of the learning process. The main objective is to improve the relationship of pupils to mathematics and to increase pupils' participation in teaching. The aim of the article is to show that teaching mathematics using heuristic approaches can improve a variety of pupil's school competences, such as the ability to learn independently, the ability to solving problems, and improving the relationship to mathematics. It turns out that these competencies can be enhanced by teaching through research-based teaching approaches when students solve mathematical problems and use scientific methods to solve them. There is also described the experiment, which was carried out at one secondary vocational school, and which had to compare some differences between the teaching conducted by the problem-solving method and the classical formalistic method of teaching.

Keywords:

Research method, problem, experiment, statistics, hypothesis, heuristics.