Abstract:

Pragmatic studies of communication have caused the emergence of a special type of discourse description - a strategic analysis of speech activity which focuses on the communicative tasks of the speaker and his/her speech behavior strategy. A fairly large number of scientific papers on identification and description of communicative strategies and tactics of communication participants have appeared recently. Certainly, such studies are promising since strategies and tactics of speech behavior are part of human knowledge of social interaction processes. Consequently, it is impossible to master the language competence without the ability to plan and maximize the successful outcome of speech activity. This implies a strategic comprehension of discourse in the aspect of teaching effective communication.
The study is reasoned in accordance with the following principle: teaching speaking in a foreign language should be promoted through identification and implementation of basic strategies and tactics. The paper presents the results of the analysis of a new recruiting discourse centered on such communicative act as a job interview. The study of real interviews transcripts has revealed that the key communicative strategy of a job candidate is self-presentation which is implemented through a number of direct and hidden self-presentation tactics.

Recently, such form of communication as self-presentation has been becoming especially relevant. Being inherent in communication, self-presentation is a demonstration of personal characteristics; that is why it is difficult to imagine the process of teaching speaking skills (especially at an advanced stage) without learning the communicative skills of self-presentation. Self-presentation of a linguistic personality is defined as a mechanism for communicating information about oneself via available means of communication with due account for spatial specifics of interaction with other communicants.

First of all, in order to teach it is necessary to identify the main tactics of the job candidate for a certain position that is followed by presenting the most popular and important tactics to students. Further, the development of self-promotion speaking skills in classes of a foreign language should be performed gradually by using both linguistic and communicative exercises. The first stage includes learning vocabulary and definitions. The second stage is working with dialogues: reading and listening to job interviews, identifying the main communicative tactics of the dialogue participants. It is essential to use assignments for explanation and understanding the communicative behavior of a partner in the development of strategic skills.

Therefore, in the process of teaching a foreign language, students should be taught effective speech behavior techniques in a situation of the job interview. It involves providing insight into speech tactics that implement the main strategy of the job candidate (the self-presentation strategy) and skills to choose the best ways for their verbalization.

Keywords:

Self-presentation, foreign language, job interview, communicative strategies and tactics.